GTU Syllabus:-
MODULE 1: ELECTRONIC MATERIALS
- Free electron theory
- Density of states and energy band diagrams
- Kronig-Penny model (to introduce origin of band gap),Energy bands in solids,
- E-k diagram, Direct and indirect bandgaps,
- Types of electronic material: metals, semiconductors, Andinsulators.
- Density of states, Occupation probability,
- Fermi level, Effective mass, Phonons.
MODULE 2: SEMICONDUCTORS
- Intrinsic and extrinsic semiconductors
- Dependence of Fermi level on carrier-concentrationand temperature (equilibrium carrier statistics)
- Carrier generation and recombination, Carrier transport:diffusion and
drift, p-n junction,
- Metal-semiconductor junction (Ohmic and Schottky),Semiconductor materials of interest for optoelectronicdevices.
MODULE 3: LIGHT-SEMICONDUCTOR INTERACTION
- Optical transitions in bulk semiconductors: absorption, spontaneous emission, and stimulated emission;
- Joint density of states
- Density of states for photons,
- Transition rates (Fermi's golden rule)
- Optical loss and gain; Photovoltaic effect, Exciton
- Drude model.
Module 4: Measurements
- Four-point probe and Van Der Pauw measurements for carrier density,
- Resistivity and hall mobility
- Hot-point probe measurement, capacitance-voltage measurements,
- Parameter extraction from diode I-V characteristics, DLTS,
- band gap by UV-Vis spectroscopy, absorption/transmission.
Module 5: Superconductivity
- Introduction of Superconductivity
- Properties of superconductor
- Effect of magnetic field
- Meissner effect
- Pressure effect
- Impurity effect
- Isotopic mass effect
- Mechanism of Superconductivity : BCS Theory
- Penetration depth : Magnetic field
- Josephson's junction and its application Application of superconductors.
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